How turbines work  
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All Forums >> Glow Engines, Gas Engines, Fuel & Mfg Support Forums >> Glow Engines >> How turbines work
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How turbines work - 5/12/2002 3:06:08 PM   
Shortman



Posts: 5971
Joined: 2/25/2002
From: Clovis, CA, USA
Status: offline 		Starting at the front, air is scooped in by the eye of the compressor, this has everything in common with a ducted fan at this point. From here on the air gets somewhat rougher treatment. As the air moves out toward the edge of the wheel it is in effect slammed into by the wheels blades. This is the reason for the high speed of these engines, if it were not for this speed the air with it's low mass would simply move out of the way and avoid being compressed. As it is the faster they go the better they work. The wheel by itself accounts for half the compression and by virtue of the rotational velocity that it imparts ,makes possible the second half of the compressing. The air leaves the wheel traveling at the speed of the wheel and just a few millimeters further along it runs into the stationary wedges of the diffuser, slam number two, and worse to come When I first looked at a cross sectional view of a miniature turbine, my first question was what keeps the fire in, I mean you could see all the holes in the combustion chamber. What I was forgetting was the physics of how gases behave. In a balloon the pressure is the same at all points. It is this equal pressure that keeps the fire inside the burner can. The proviso is that the pressure outside must be greater than inside. If the fuel used to heat the air is fed in too fast or in a condition not ready to burn i.e. not preheated and not premixed with air the fire will indeed get out. At start-up you can witness this condition aggravated by the low pressure outside the combustion chamber. As the speed increases the fire can be seen to disappear into the engine and this is accompanied by that unmistakable turbine whistle. Lets get back to that heating of the air for a moment. The reason for heating the air is to increase it's volume, for if we have more volume we can do more work. Those holes in the combustion chamber, the largest of these is open to atmosphere ,O.K. not directly but all that stands in the way is the NGV system, a fixed system of vanes that direct the expanded gases onto the turbine wheel, and the turbine wheel itself. A little more and we are done. The turbine wheel takes some of the energy from the expanded gasses, perhaps 10 horsepower just to spin the compressor. We fly on the residue. got to love google
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