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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 6:03 AM   
scubajohn



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An Active Electronically Scanned Array

 (AESA), also known as active phased array radar is a type of phased array radar whose transmitter and receiver functions are composed of numerous small solid-state transmit/receive modules (TRMs). AESAs aim their "beam" by broadcasting radio energy that interfere constructively at certain angles in front of the antenna. They improve on the older passive electronically scanned radars by spreading their broadcasts out across a band of frequencies, which makes it very difficult to detect over background noise. AESAs allow ships and aircraft to broadcast powerful radar signals while still remaining stealthy.



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 6:40 AM   
Evil_Merlin


 

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The USAF's first plane to use this was the F-16, now several planes, like the F-22, F-35 and the C-17 use this. Just like the 787.

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 7:19 AM   
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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 8:36 AM   
Ernie P.


 

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quote:

ORIGINAL: Evil_Merlin

Nope, its not a processor.


Some other hints. The Automotive industry uses it, as well as the medical device industry.



Are you possibly talking about fiber-optics? As also used on auto taillights and instruments? Thanks; Ernie P.


F-35 jet fighters to take integrated avionics to a whole new level


May 1, 2003

The Joint Strike Fighter's sensors, communications, and flight-control systems will blend together more tightly than any other combat aircraft in history, and will revolve around high-speed fiber-optic databuses and powerful commercial off-the-shelf microprocessors.

The future U.S. F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is set to usher in an entirely new era of avionics design as the aircraft's builders plan to bring the new aircraft's electronic and electro-optic systems integration to a level never seen before.


To get there, the Lockheed Martin JSF will expand on a change in the nature and definition of avionics that has been evolving for nearly a decade in such jet fighters as the Lockheed Martin F-16 and the Boeing F/A-18, but which achieved its most prominent level in the Lockheed Martin U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor.


Officials from Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Co. in Fort Worth, Texas, the JSF prime contractor, describe this new avionics paradigm shift as "the break from federated architecture to integrated architecture."


This new design approach breaks avionics into two categories: mission systems and vehicle systems. The former includes tools that help the aircraft do its job, such as sensors, displays, and weapons. The latter are subsystems that help the aircraft function correctly, such as power generation, cooling, and flight control.


"Some things that are now electronic on an aircraft were never really considered avionics — fuel systems and such," says Dave Jeffreys, manager of the JSF improvements and derivatives group at Lockheed Martin. "Everything that once was considered avionics is now part of mission systems, but mission systems is a bit broader to include weapons systems. That really began on the F-22."


The F-35's avionics, however, takes another step in redefining avionics by blending an increasing number of hitherto separate subsystems into ever-more-tightly integrated packages. "The JSF is very different from the aircraft it is replacing — the F-16, F/A-18, F-14, AV-8B, A-10 — or even the Eurofighter," Jeffreys says. "They also have federated architectures, but with nothing close to the Communications, Navigation, and Information (CNI) system of the JSF, which will implement half a dozen different physical links to different ships and aircraft."



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 1:13 PM   
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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 1:59 PM   
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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 3:01 PM   
lbrande


 

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 4:10 PM   
Ernie P.


 

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quote:

ORIGINAL: Evil_Merlin

Nope, not fly by light or wire. Its more basic than that.



You mean the use of composite construction? Thanks; Ernie P.


The 787 was designed to become the first production composite airliner, with the fuselage assembled in one-piece composite barrel sections instead of the multiple aluminum sheets and some 50,000 fasteners used on existing aircraft. Boeing selected two new engine types to power the 787, the General Electric GEnx and Rolls-Royce Trent 1000. Boeing claimed the 787 would be near to 20% more fuel-efficient than the 767, with one-third of the efficiency gain from the engines, another third from aerodynamic improvements and the increased use of lighter-weight composite materials, and the final third from advanced systems.



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 5:50 PM   
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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 8:19 PM   
lbrande


 

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Status: offline 		The only thing I can think of is that the flight control computer is necessary to allow the plane to fly stable. The F-16 is the first plane designed unstable, and the use of the computer is necessary to sustain stable flight. The use of the side stick controllers, and the ACES II ejection seat with 30 degree lean, allow the plane/pilot to sustain higher "g" forces

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 10:58 PM   
Ernie P.


 

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quote:

ORIGINAL: Evil_Merlin

Nope, moving away from the answer, you were closer talking about the computers...



I'll do some research, but the only thing that comes quickly to mind is the IEEE 1394b data networking standard for the computers. The IDB-1394 is the automotive version. Thanks; Ernie P.


High speed data networking including IEEE 1394b and Fibre Channel.

IDB-1394 Customer Convenience Port (CCP) is the automotive version of the 1394 standard.

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/8/2011 11:06 PM   
Ernie P.


 

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The F-35 features a full-panel-width "panoramic cockpit display" (PCD) glass cockpit, with dimensions of 20 by 8 inches (50 by 20 centimeters). A cockpit speech-recognition system (Direct Voice Input) provided by Adacel is planned to improve the pilot's ability to operate the aircraft over the current-generation interface. The F-35 will be the first US operational fixed-wing aircraft to use this system, although similar systems have been used in AV-8B and trialled in previous US jets, particularly the F-16 VISTA.

A helmet-mounted display system (HMDS) will be fitted to all models of the F-35. A helmet-mounted cueing system is already in service with the F-15s, F-16s and F/A-18s. While some fighters have offered HMDS along with a head up display (HUD), this will be the first time in several decades that a front line tactical jet fighter has been designed without a HUD. The F-35 is equipped with a right-hand side stick controller in a standard Lockheed Martin HOTAS configuration.

On the 787, Honeywell and Rockwell-Collins provide flight control, guidance, and other avionics systems, including standard dual head up guidance systems, while Thales supplies the integrated standby flight display and electrical power conversion system. A version of Ethernet (Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) / ARINC 664) will be used to transmit data between the flight deck and aircraft systems. The flight deck features LCD multi-function displays, all of which will use an industry standard GUI widget toolkit (Cockpit Display System Interfaces to User Systems / ARINC 661).[133] The Lockheed Martin Orion spacecraft will use a glass cockpit derived from Honeywell International's 787 flight deck. The 787 flight deck includes two head-up displays (HUDs) as a standard feature.

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 1:45 AM   
Evil_Merlin


 

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Status: offline 		Nope. But all of those things do have this one item in common. WIthout this none of that stuff would work.

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 1:46 AM   
Evil_Merlin


 

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 2:26 AM   
Ernie P.


 

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quote:

ORIGINAL: Evil_Merlin

You are getting close lbrande, but its not the computer...


E_M; are you talking about the Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators? Thanks; Ernie P.


Electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHAs), are an emerging aerospace technology that aims at replacing hydraulic systems with self-contained actuators operated solely by electrical power. EHAs would eliminate the need for separate hydraulic pumps and tubing, simplifying aircraft layout and improving safety and reliability.

The primary development that leads to the possibility of EHAs are accurate feedback controlled conventional motors, or high-power stepper motors.[3] Stepper motors are designed to move a fixed angle with every application of energy, and do so repeatedly in an extremely accurate fashion. Both types of motor drives have been in use for years, powering the controls on motion control rigs and numeric control machine tools for instance.

With an EHA, high-power versions of these motors are used to drive a reversible pump, which is tied to a hydraulic cylinder. The pump pressurizes a working fluid, typically hydraulic oil, directly raising the pressure in the cylinder, and causing it to move. The entire system, consisting of the pump, the cylinder and a reservoir of hydraulic fluid, is packaged into a single self-contained unit.

Instead of the energy needed to move the controls being supplied by an external hydraulic supply, it is supplied over normal electrical wiring, albeit larger wiring than what would be found in a fly-by-wire system. The speed of the motion is controlled through the use of pulse-code modulation. The result is a "power-by-wire" system, where both the control and energy are sent through a single set of wires.

Redundancy can thus be provided by using two such units per surface, and two sets of electrical wires. This is far simpler than the corresponding systems using an external hydraulic supply. Additionally, the EHA has the advantage that it only draws power when it is being moved, the pressure is maintained internally when the motor stops. This can reduce power use on the aircraft by eliminating the constant draw of the hydraulic pumps. EHAs also reduce weight, allow better streamlining due to reduced internal routing of piping, and lower overall weight of the control system.



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 2:40 AM   
a65l



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 2:50 AM   
a65l



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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 5:16 AM   
lbrande


 

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Status: offline 		The linear actuators on the LE of the main wing are not coupled between LH and RH, but are controlled to provide LE Flap deflections as necessary to provide stability.

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 7:44 AM   
Evil_Merlin


 

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Go back to the computer stuff...

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 9:47 AM   
Ernie P.


 

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I think we covered this, but just to make sure; you aren't talking about the ICP modules, or the use of COTS components, correct? Thanks; Ernie P.



EAGAN, MN, July 28th, 2003 Lockheed Martin [NYSE: LMT] has delivered the first advanced Integrated Core Processor (ICP) modules for the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter under a $300 million System Development and Demonstration (SDD) contract. The initial prototype modules - delivered two months ahead of schedule - will be used by aircraft mission planners for software development and design verification. Employing advanced bus structures and commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, the ICP is a liquid-cooled, ruggedized military computer capable of performing 40 billion sustained operations per second. Lockheed Martin Tactical Systems was awarded the ICP contract as part of the initial F-35 JSF award to Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company.
Tactical Systems delivered four initial ICP prototype General Purpose Processor Input/Output (GPIO) modules to Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company F-35 lead and partner Northrop Grumman as a risk reduction effort, delivered in response to requests for early operating hardware to complete advanced software development. The GPIO modules are used for general mission processing, computation and operational logic, control and processing of miscellaneous input/output, and data storage.
The first production unit delivery of the GPIO module is scheduled for September 2003. Tactical Systems will provide a series of ICP module deliveries leading up to the delivery of the final ICP configuration in 2004.
"This is truly a milestone event," said Tom Burbage, executive vice president and general manager of the Lockheed Martin F-35 JSF program. "The delivery is key to helping the JSF program achieve early progress toward a successful first flight."
A leader in airborne surveillance systems integration and the design, development, packaging and production of ruggedized COTS-based computer systems, Tactical Systems is one of five major lines of business within the Lockheed Martin Naval Electronics & Surveillance Systems business segment.


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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 1:40 PM   
fireplug1111


 

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 4:14 PM   
Evil_Merlin


 

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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/9/2011 11:07 PM   
Ernie P.


 

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quote:

ORIGINAL: Evil_Merlin

Nope, it does involve the CPU, ICP, GPIO and even the COTS, but its not them.



About the only thing I can think of that fits your definition is that all the planes you mentioned use a remote control room to monitor all of the on board functions of the plane. Every thing that happens on the aircraft is relayed, real time, to an on the ground control room which records, for later analysis, how the systems are working in the real world. The engineers know what the plane is doing and how well it is doing it. Thanks; Ernie P.


Up to 40 flight test engineers from the F-35 ITF will work in the control room, Ms. Bergren said. Eight people on the range support the operations and maintenance of the control room.
During missions, the control room will receive telemetry data from the F-35 and video data from the range, Ms. Bergren said.
"The technology in this control room is state of the art in real-time data-processing capabilities," Mr. Cronk said. "When the JSF is full up and running, this control room will process about 250,000 parameters from the aircraft at 3 million samples per second. The F-22 had 120,000 parameters processed at about 1 million samples per second. So you can see how technology has improved in just a few years.


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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/10/2011 12:12 AM   
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RE: Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz - 2/10/2011 1:34 AM   
N1EDM



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