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Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz

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Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz

Old 03-16-2020, 07:21 PM
  #18201  
Ernie P.
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No correct answers thus far, but you (third person plural) have earned three bonus clues. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.

Old 03-16-2020, 07:59 PM
  #18202  
stang151
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Yak-9
Old 03-17-2020, 02:00 AM
  #18203  
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Me/Bf-109?
Old 03-17-2020, 05:38 AM
  #18204  
Ernie P.
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No correct answers thus far; but in addition to the normal morning clue, you have earned two bonus clues. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.
Old 03-17-2020, 08:13 AM
  #18205  
Top_Gunn
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Fokker D.VII?
Old 03-17-2020, 08:38 AM
  #18206  
Ernie P.
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Originally Posted by Top_Gunn
Fokker D.VII?
Good answer, Sir; but not where we're headed. Here's a bonus clue and a regularly scheduled afternoon clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.

Old 03-17-2020, 08:53 AM
  #18207  
stang151
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Used this in another set of clues, but, PV-1 Ventura Nope strike that , just saw ,used different engines , PV-1 only used P&W R2800.

Last edited by stang151; 03-17-2020 at 08:56 AM. Reason: wrong
Old 03-17-2020, 12:10 PM
  #18208  
Ernie P.
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Originally Posted by stang151
Used this in another set of clues, but, PV-1 Ventura Nope strike that , just saw ,used different engines , PV-1 only used P&W R2800.
Not to worry, Sir; I'll still award a bonus clue and post the regularly scheduled evening clue as well. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.

1

13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.
Old 03-18-2020, 02:37 AM
  #18209  
Ernie P.
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Morning clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.
Old 03-18-2020, 10:12 AM
  #18210  
Ernie P.
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Afternoon clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.
Old 03-18-2020, 12:50 PM
  #18211  
Ernie P.
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Evening clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.
Old 03-18-2020, 03:02 PM
  #18212  
Chad Veich
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Not sure it fits with all 17 clues but I will throw it out there anyway, A/B-26 Invader.

PS - Scratch that, the Invader never flew with anything other than the R-2800.
Old 03-18-2020, 04:57 PM
  #18213  
Ernie P.
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Originally Posted by Chad Veich
Not sure it fits with all 17 clues but I will throw it out there anyway, A/B-26 Invader.

PS - Scratch that, the Invader never flew with anything other than the R-2800.
Sir; neither the Invader, nor the Marauder, as you have already figured out, but please try again. And I'm awarding a bonus clue to aid your search. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.
Old 03-19-2020, 02:39 AM
  #18214  
Ernie P.
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Morning clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.
Old 03-19-2020, 10:27 AM
  #18215  
Ernie P.
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Afternoon clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.



20. The prototype used a domestic engine, despite the military having recommended a foreign engine.
Old 03-19-2020, 01:29 PM
  #18216  
Ernie P.
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Evening clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.



20. The prototype used a domestic engine, despite the military having recommended a foreign engine.



21. To ensure there was no shortage of engines, it was designed to use a variety of engines.
Old 03-20-2020, 05:22 AM
  #18217  
Ernie P.
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Morning clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.



20. The prototype used a domestic engine, despite the military having recommended a foreign engine.



21. To ensure there was no shortage of engines, it was designed to use a variety of engines.



22. Mass production was started in short order; with several other manufacturers producing the aircraft under license.
Old 03-20-2020, 10:02 AM
  #18218  
Ernie P.
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Afternoon clue. Thanks; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.



20. The prototype used a domestic engine, despite the military having recommended a foreign engine.



21. To ensure there was no shortage of engines, it was designed to use a variety of engines.



22. Mass production was started in short order; with several other manufacturers producing the aircraft under license.



23. The military ordered a number of the aircraft as reconnaissance aircraft; and a further number as bombers.
Old 03-20-2020, 11:26 AM
  #18219  
FlyerInOKC
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I am going to suggest the Bréguet 14.
Old 03-20-2020, 12:12 PM
  #18220  
Ernie P.
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Originally Posted by FlyerInOKC
I am going to suggest the Bréguet 14.
And we have a winner, ladies and gentlemen. FlyerInOKC has solved the puzzle and he is now up! The Breguet 14 may well have been the most important French aircraft of the war. It was built in very large numbers and became the most common two seater of the war for the French and American forces. Take it away, Sir; and well done; Ernie P.


What warbird do I describe?



1. This aircraft, unlike my last offering, was a success.



2. In fact, it was very successful.



3. It was produced in the thousands.



4. And flown by many nations.



5. With a number of different engines.



6. Both during the war in which it came to prominence and afterwards.



7. It was supposedly the first the first mass produced aircraft to utilize a new construction technique.



8. Although that depends upon a rather narrow definition of mass production.



9. But there is no arguing that it was a very successful design.



10. It was fast; in fact, very fast for the time.



11. And, considering its size, it was noted for being quite agile.



12. It was often capable of outrunning its opposition.



13. All in all, it was a great aircraft; well capable of handling its intended mission.



14. And it was considered to be one of the best aircraft of its war.



15. It was produced long after its war.



16. And continued in use long after that.



17. During the war, it was used by all but one of the major combatants on one side.



18. The first prototype’s maiden flight was flown by its designer.



19. Who was already a noted and successful builder of aircraft.



20. The prototype used a domestic engine, despite the military having recommended a foreign engine.



21. To ensure there was no shortage of engines, it was designed to use a variety of engines.



22. Mass production was started in short order; with several other manufacturers producing the aircraft under license.



23. The military ordered a number of the aircraft as reconnaissance aircraft; and a further number as bombers.



24. And quite a few variants were produced in smaller numbers.



25. Variants included float planes, trainers and air ambulances.



26. Field modifications, to better allow the aircraft to fulfill its roles, were common.



27. After the war ended, it served worldwide.



28. And it served more than two dozen nations.



29. Engines from more than half a dozen manufacturers were used.



30. And it was produced under license by several nations.



31. Only a few weeks after the war ended, the type was being used to fly long distances in order to advertise its capabilities.



32. Civilian versions were produced.



33. Which included passengers versions, seaplanes and mail planes.



34. When production finally ceased ten years after the war ended, total production probably exceeded 8,000 aircraft.





Answer: The Breguet 14







The Bréguet 14 was a French biplane bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the First World War. It was built in very large numbers and production continued for many years after the end of the war.

Apart from its widespread usage, the Bréguet 14 is known for being the first mass-produced aircraft to use large amounts of metal, rather than wood, in its structure. This allowed the airframe to be lighter than a wooden airframe of the same strength, in turn making the aircraft relatively fast and agile for its size; in combat it was able to outrun many contemporary fighters. The Bréguet 14's strong construction allowed it to sustain considerable damage, in addition to being easy to handle and possessing favourable performance. The type has often been considered to have been one of the best aircraft of the war.


Development

Background



The Bréguet 14 was designed by aviation pioneer and aeronautical engineer Louis Bréguet. Bréguet had already built a reputation for producing capable aircraft and advanced aerodynamic test apparatus, including the Bréguet-Richet Gyroplane, which held the distinction of being the first direct-lift aircraft in the world. Bréguet had been a pioneer in the field of all-metal construction, which he had employed on a successful series of biplanes during the pre-war years; these principles were used in the design of the Bréguet 14.



The outbreak of the First World War in 1914 quickly led to large numbers of Bréguet-built aircraft being inducted into the military air services of several nations, including many of the nations in the Triple Entente. Bréguet flew as a military pilot early on in the war and soon recognized there was demand for aircraft fitted with more powerful engines to carry worthwhile payloads over anything beyond short distances. For his next design, he opted to abandon his favored tractor configuration in favor of a pusher configuration to better satisfy the inflexible requirements issued by the French general staff, which sought an unobstructed frontal view to benefit the observer.



During the summer of 1915, the French Ministry of War held a competition, seeking to determine the most suitable type of aircraft to carry a bombload of 300 lb at a speed of 120 km/h over a minimum distance of 600 km. Following an extensive evaluation, Bréguet's submission to the contest, SN-3; reportedly, a major reason for its selection over more powerful rivals was its use of the desired pusher configuration. The SN-3 would be developed into the Bréguet Type IV, V, and VI, which would be built in large quantities for military use.


Origins



In spite of the preference of French officials for the pusher configuration, Bréguet remained a proponent of tractor aircraft. During June 1916, he decided to initiate work on a new design for a military two-seater aircraft, the Bréguet AV Type XIV. According to aviation authors J. M. Bruce and Jean Noel, the French Army's Section Technique de l' Aéronautique (S.T.Aé.) received early information on the design and recommended that Bréguet power it using a 200 hp engine by Hispano-Suiza. Bréguet found that the engine would be incapable of delivering the desired performance, instead insisting on the adoption of a 12-cylinder Renault-built engine that had powered the previous Bréguet Type V.



The Bréguet Type XIV was both a practical and aesthetically pleasing design. A distinctive characteristic of the Type XIV was its rectangular frontal radiator, as well as the shape of is cowling and the negative-stagger of its mainplanes. It possessed a sturdy undercarriage, along with two-part ailerons on the upper wing only. On the prototype, the lower wing reportedly featured flaps along the trailing edges, that partly emulated the manner of operation of "single-acting ailerons" in only "coming up" from their "down" position at rest, as the aircraft accelerated during takeoff; these possessed a limited angle of depression and were not directly controlled by the pilot, instead being actuated by a set of 12 adjustable rubber bungee cords.



The airframe was composed primarily of duralumin, invented in Germany by Alfred Wilm a decade earlier; many sections, such as the duralumin longerons and spacers, were attached using welded steel-tube fittings and braced using piano wire. The wing's main spar was of rectangular duralumin tubes complete with either oak or ash lining-pieces at the attachment points and sheet steel sheaths around the spars. The box-unit wooden ribs had fretted plywood webs and ash flanges. The surfaces of the tail unit used welded steel tube structures; while the elevators featured horn balances. During its design phase, French officials were wary of the Type XIV's structure, having made such an extensive use of the relatively new metal duralumin that it was claimed to be the first aircraft in the world to combine extensive use of the metal with oxy-welded joints.

Into flight



On 21 November 1916, the first prototype conducted its maiden flight, flown by Bréguet. The first flight had confirmed Bréguet's opinion that the Renault engine was more suitable for the type; on 30 November 1916, he informed the S.T.Aé of this determination and of the comparably worse performance of their recommended engine. On 11 January 1917, Bréguet informed the S.T.Aé that the prototype had reached the point where he considered it to be representative of production-standard aircraft. Later that month, it participated in further trials and by 7 February 1917, the S.T.Aé had issued a report declaring that the prototype had attained an air speed of 172 km/h at an altitude of 2,000 meters.



During November 1916, the S.T.Aé. had issued its requirements for four new aircraft types. Bréguet submitted his new design for two of those categories - reconnaissance and bomber. Following its evaluation during February 1917, the Bréguet 14 had been accepted to perform both roles. On 22 February 1917, Bréguet pressed the S.T.Aé for a production order to be issued for the type; on 2 March, he declared that production jigs had been prepared for quantity production of the type. On 6 March 1917, the first official production order was received by Bréguet, calling for 150 Bréguet 14 A.2; a follow-on order for a further 100 aircraft was received on 4 April.

Mass production and further development



By March 1917, several orders had been placed, calling for a combined 150 reconnaissance aircraft and 100 bombers "Bréguet 14 A.2" and "14 B.2" respectively (in 1918, it was written as Bréguet XIV A2/B2). The A.2 variant was equipped with an array of cameras, while some were also provisioned with radios, while the lower wing of the 14 B.2 was modified to accommodate bomb racks (built by Michelin), capable of housing up to thirty-two 115 mm bombs. To avoid the bomb racks conflicting with operation of the flaps, a small forward extension of the wings was added; another modification was the installation of transparent panels to the sides of the observer's cockpit to aid in the operation of the bomb sight.



By mid-1917, French authorities had expressed a high level of confidence in the type in the form of a substantial expansion of the type's production. Various other companies were contracted to manufacture the type. On 25 April, French aviation company Darracq was requested to manufacture 330 aircraft. On 8 June, another 50 were ordered from Société des avions Henri & Maurice Farman; on 18 June, Paul Schmitt was issued a contract to produce 200 aircraft. Some of the contractors were unable to commence quantity production of the Bréguet 14 until 1918. Following the war, a handful of aircraft were constructed in French military-owned workshops in Indo-China, albeit these are likely to have been reliant on spare parts.



As an insurance against engine shortages, alternative engines to use in place of the standard Renault powerplant were fitted on some aircraft, both for experimental purposes and in production quantities. An improved model of the standard engine, referred to as the Renault 12Ff, appeared in Summer 1918 and was used on some later-built aircraft. Another engine adopted was built by French automotive company Lorraine-Dietrich, which was lighter but produced less power than the Renault unit. A number of Belgian and American Bréguet 14s were outfitted with the Fiat A.12 engine. A number of later-built B2 models were equipped with the U.S.-built Liberty engine; to distinguish these aircraft, they were denoted as the Bréguet 14 B2 Ls.



Other minor variants of the Bréguet 14 were flown in small numbers during the Great War; these included the 14 B.1 long-range single-seat bomber, the 14 GR.2 long-range reconnaissance, the 14 H floatplane, the 14 S air ambulance and the 14 Et.2 trainer. Later variants, such as the 14bis A2 and 14bis B2, featured improved wings. An improved variant equipped with enlarged wings was produced as the 16. Further derivatives of the aircraft included the two-seat fighter 17, which would only be built in small numbers due to its late arrival. Production of the base Bréguet 14 continued long after the end of the war, finally ending in 1926.





Operational history



The Bréguet 14 was taken on in quantity by the French Air Force. At its peak, the type equipped at least 71 escadrilles of the service, and was deployed on the Western Front, where it participated in number major actions in which it typically acquitted itself well. For its actions during the Battle of the Lys, the Section Artillerie Lourde, equipped with the type, received a citation and was further lauded for its actions during the Allied counter-attack to the German Spring Offensive. Om 9 July 1918, Capitaine Paul-Louise Weiller shot down two enemy aircraft during one sortie flying the type. Many 14A2 and 14B2s were used in the conflict and were subject to considerable modification, particularly to respond to increasing German opposition to Allied Air operations.



Following its introduction by the French, during 1918, the Bréguet 14 was also ordered in quantity by the Belgian Army (40 aircraft) and the United States Army Air Service (over 600 aircraft). Around half the Belgian and U.S. aircraft were fitted with Fiat A.12 engines due to shortages of the original Renault 12F. Prior to the Armistice of 11 November 1918, the Bréguet 14 was typically assigned to serve in both reconnaissance and bombing roles. By the end of the conflict, the type had reportedly been responsible for dropping a combined total of 1,887,600 kg (or 1,854 tons) of bombs.



In one of its more atypical deployments, a Bréguet 14 played a role in one of the last actions of the war. During November 1918, the aircraft was used to transport a German military officer, Major von Geyer, from Tergnier and Spa; it was covered in larger white flags of truce to avoid being engaged.



The type continued to be widely used after the war, equipping the French occupation forces in Germany and being deployed to support French troops in the colonies. A special version was developed for the harsh conditions encountered overseas, designated "14 TOE" (Théatres des Operations Extérieures). These saw service in putting down uprisings in Syria and Morocco, in Vietnam and in the French intervention in the Russian Civil War. The last trainer examples were not withdrawn from French military service until 1932.



Other air arms using the type included Brazil (30), China (70), Czechoslovakia (10), Denmark, Finland (38), Greece, Japan, the Siamese Air Force, Uruguay (9) and Spain. The Polish Air Force used 158 Bréguet 14s, about 70 of them being used in combat in the Polish-Soviet war. In Japan, Bréguet 14s were licence-built by Nakajima. The type was also heavily used in various internal wars in China during the 1920s and 1930s.



Weeks after the signing of the Armistic, the Bréguet 14 was used to conduct several long distance flights to demonstrate its capabilities. On 26 January 1919, a double-crossing of the Mediterranean was flown using the type by Lt Roget and Captaine Coli. On 5 April, Roget flew from Lyon to Rome and then to Nice. Roget and Coli later establish a new French long-distance record flying the Bréguet 14, flying from Paris to Kenitra, Morocco, a distance of 1,900 km, in 11 hours 15 minutes. Aviation pioneer Pierre-Georges Latécoère had one example of the type converted to conduct experimental in-flight refuelling operations



During the postwar years, Bréguet decided to commence manufacture of dedicated civil versions of the Bréguet 14. The 14 T.2 Salon carried two passengers in a specially modified fuselage. An improved version of this was the 14 Tbis, manufactured as both a land-plane and seaplane. The 14 Tbis also formed the basis of the improved 14 Tbis Sanitaire air ambulance version, and 100 mail planes custom-built for Latécoère's fledgling airline, Lignes Aeriennes Latécoère. After changing its name to "CGEA", the airline used, among others, 106 Bréguet 14s for flights over the Sahara Desert. The 18 T was a single 14 T re-engined with a Renault Ja engine and equipped to carry four passengers. When production finally ceased in 1928, the total of all versions built had reached 7,800 (according to other sources, 8,000 or even 8,370).



Specifications (14 B2)



Data from French aircraft of the First World War, Profile #157 :The Bréguet 14



General characteristics

·

· Crew: 2

·

· Length: 8.870 m (29 ft 1 in)

·

· Upper wingspan: 14.364 m (47 ft 2 in) with original ailerons

14.86 m (48.8 ft) with balanced ailerons

·

· Lower wingspan: 13.664 m (44 ft 10 in) with original ailerons

13.284 m (43.58 ft) with balanced ailerons

·

· Height: 3.33 m (10 ft 11 in)

·

· Wing area: 50.2 m2 (540 sq ft) with original ailerons

48.5 m2 (522 sq ft) with balanced ailerons

·

· Airfoil: Eiffel 4.6%[25]

·

·

·

Empty weight: 1,017 kg (2,242 lb)

·

· Gross weight: 1,769 kg (3,900 lb)

·

· Powerplant: 1 × Renault 12Fcx V-12 water-cooled piston engine, 220 kW (300 hp)

Alternative engines



Renault 12Fcy 230 kW (310 hp)



Renault 12Fe 240 kW (320 hp) with Rateau turbocharger



Renault 12Ff 260 kW (350 hp)



Renault 12K 300 kW (400 hp)



Fiat A.12 190 kW (260 hp)



Fiat A.14 450 kW (600 hp)



Lorraine-Dietrich 12Da 280 kW (370 hp)



Lorraine-Dietrich 12E 290 kW (390 hp)



Liberty L-12 300 kW (400 hp)



Panhard 12C 260 kW (350 hp)



Panhard 12D 250 kW (340 hp)



Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII 270 kW (360 hp) (Nakajima B-6)

·

· Propellers: 2-bladed Ratier série 34 fixed-pitch wooden propeller, 2.940 m (9 ft 8 in) diameter with Renault 12F engines



(2-bladed Ratier série 34 fixed-pitch wooden propeller with Liberty L-12 engine)



Performance

·

· Maximum speed: 195 km/h (121 mph, 105 kn)

·

· Endurance: 2 hours 45 minutes

·

· Service ceiling: 6,200 m (20,300 ft)

·

· Rate of climb: 4.867 m/s (958.1 ft/min)

·

· Time to altitude: ::2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 9 minutes 15 seconds

3,000 m (9,800 ft) in 16 minutes 30 seconds

5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 47 minutes

·

· Wing loading: 32 kg/m2 (6.6 lb/sq ft) (at max. takeoff weight)

·

· Power/mass: 0.15 kW/kg (0.09 hp/lb) (at max. takeoff weight)



Armament

·

· Guns: 1 × fixed 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Vickers machine gun + 2 × flexible 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Lewis Gun on T.O.3 or T.O.4 mount for the observer

·

· Bombs: up to 355 kg (783 lb) of bombs, typically 32x 8 kg (18 lb) 115mm bombs



Old 03-21-2020, 06:03 PM
  #18221  
Ernie P.
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FlyerInOKC; you are up, Sir. Thanks; Ernie P.
Old 03-22-2020, 08:02 AM
  #18222  
FlyerInOKC
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Sorry for the delay one of my existing health issues is giving me grief. Nothing to worry about we have been staying home safe from the virus. I am looking for a Warbird.

1. This airplane was a failure but it still made it into large scale production.
2. The large number built left leaders no choice to continue to deploy it.
3. Development was based on a combat doctrine found to be out of date.
Old 03-22-2020, 10:15 AM
  #18223  
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Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12?

Old 03-22-2020, 10:48 AM
  #18224  
Ernie P.
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Originally Posted by FlyerInOKC
Sorry for the delay one of my existing health issues is giving me grief. Nothing to worry about we have been staying home safe from the virus. I am looking for a Warbird.

1. This airplane was a failure but it still made it into large scale production.
2. The large number built left leaders no choice to continue to deploy it.
3. Development was based on a combat doctrine found to be out of date.
Sir; I hope you're doing better. How about the Bf 110? Popular opinion is the Bf 110 was a failure; although it did have its uses. And it was misused at times. Thanks; Ernie P.


Answer: Bf 110



The Messerschmitt Bf 110, often known unofficially as the Me 110, is a twin-engine Zerstörer (Destroyer, heavy fighter) and fighter-bomber (Jagdbomber or Jabo) developed in Nazi Germany in the 1930s and used by the Luftwaffe during World War II. Hermann Göring was a proponent of the Bf 110. It was armed with two MG FF 20 mm cannon, four 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17 machine guns, and one 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 15 machine gun (later variants’ rear gunner station would be armed with the twin-barreled MG 81Z) for defence. Development work on an improved type to replace the Bf 110, the Messerschmitt Me 210 began before the war started but its teething troubles resulted in the Bf 110 soldiering on until the end of the war in various roles, with its replacements, the Me 210 and the significantly improved Me 410 Hornisse.



The Bf 110 served with considerable success in the early campaigns in Poland, Norway and France. The primary weakness of the Bf 110 was its lack of maneuverability, although this could be mitigated with the better tactics. This weakness was exploited when flying as close escort to German bombers during the Battle of Britain. When British bombers began targeting German territory with nightly raids, some Bf 110-equipped units were converted to night fighters, a role to which the aircraft was well suited. After the Battle of Britain the Bf 110 enjoyed a successful period as an air superiority fighter and strike aircraft in other theatres and defended Germany from strategic air attack by day against the USAAF's 8th Air Force, until an American change in fighter tactics rendered them increasingly vulnerable to developing American air supremacy over the Reich as 1944 began.



During the Balkans and North African campaigns and on the Eastern Front, it rendered valuable ground support to the German Army as a potent fighter-bomber. Later in the war, it was developed into a formidable radar-equipped night fighter, becoming the main night-fighting aircraft of the Luftwaffe. Most of the German night fighter aces flew the Bf 110 at some point during their combat careers and the top night fighter ace, Major Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer, flew it exclusively and claimed 121 victories in 164 sorties.

Old 03-22-2020, 03:49 PM
  #18225  
FlyerInOKC
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Sorry its not the B.E 12 or the Bf 110. Lets add a couiple more clues.
I am looking for a Warbird.

1. This airplane was a failure but it still made it into large scale production.
2. The large number built left leaders no choice to continue to deploy it.
3. Development was based on a combat doctrine found to be out of date.
4. It is a two seater.
5. The airplane had one obvious feature the manufacturer was known for.

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