Check out the site Minnflyer and myself have set up. It will take you through a lot of the basics you are having questions about.
www.gettingairborne.com
A balance charger is just what it says. Lithium Polymer (Li-po) batteries are made up of cells. A 2S battery has 2 cells, 3S three cells, and so on. When these are charged a balance charger will monitor each individual cell as it charges and then when that cell is fully charged the charger will stop charging that cell. Many of the fires that happen when charging Li-po batteries occur because the battery was not balance charged. For
Battery chargers of any sort are never inside of the airpane
Ken