Good question Craig,

Ailerons that goes down produce lift and drag, while ailerons that goes up produce drag and counter lift. Yes, you got total drag from both surfaces while net on the lift.

Congrats to the winner! So far I don’t have much idea about the increase in roll rate due to speedbrake of an A-10. But I can say that the increase in trailing edge thickness caused by the kind of speedbrake has greatly influence the boundary layer on both sides of the wings. It produces high pressure solid airflow (laminary) on both sides until it goes to a high turbulence separation at the trailing edge.