I like this, someone not afraid to say they don't know something. Okay, lets see if I can put everything into "layman's terms":
1) Brown out-pretty much covered but it's not enough battery for the load placed on it causing the servos to react slowly to not at all
2) Full house aircraft-one that has servos operating all the basic functions; ailerons, rudder, elevator and throttle.
3) Servo types-Servos have changed a lot over the years:

• A basic servo like a Futaba S148 is perfectly happy with a 4.8 volt battery pack. This is plenty for a trainer
• A digital servo like a Futaba S3152 will work on 4.8 volts but will work better on a 6.0 volt pack. This is good for larger sport planes
• A specialty or high torque servo like a BLS171 programmable requires between 6.0 and 7.2 volts. These are very expensive and would be used on high end planes

4) Battery types-These are plentiful and each has it's pros and cons. Many require a charger that is compatible with their chemistry
5) Transmitter Functions-These need to be gone over with an instructor since not everything your transmitter can do is needed by a trainer