I think some participants in this thread have forgotten something- the purpose of the beginner's forum is to encourage and inform new RC pilots. There is good information in this thread, so I am leaving it intact. But complaining about newbies not knowing what they don't know isn't helpful, isn't welcoming, and ultimately won't let this forum be the trusted source of informatiom that it's supposed to be. Yes, I'm well aware that we get asked the same questions over and over. And I know very well the frustration of watching headstrog newbies fail because they won't listen. But it's possible to share your wisdom with them tactfully with a mindset of helping, not judging.