RE: What would happen if........
As soon as you apply full throttle, the motor will run very fast, for a very short time......poof!
The cell rating of the ESC has nothing to do with how many cells the motor can run on, I run a 7 cell motor on a 30V max (=20 -22 cells) 50Ah ESC.
It's the high voltage that kills the motor.
Should you do this in a boat (= under load) in the water, it's quite possible the boat won't even get on the plane before the motor burns out.
Regards, Jan.