RE: How do you adjust control throws?
ok - you can make 2 different adjustemnts independently or together.
If you leave the servo arm alone, and move the pushrod away from the control surface (towards the tip of the control horn) you should be decreasing the amount of available travel. Closer to the base of the control horn should increase travel.
Conversely, if you leave the pushrod alone at the control surface, and were to move the rod further away from the center of the servo arm @ the servo, you should increase your travel at the control surface, moving the pushrod closer in on the arm would decrease it.
Given those basics - you could maximize your throws by moving the rod outward on the servo arm, and closer to the base of the control horn on your aileron/elevator/rudder. You would get the least movement by having the rod closest to the servo, and farthest away from the base of the control horn.
If you have made those adjustments, and still are getting too much throw, then there's not much more you can do since you stated you don't have a Computer Radio. (Unless your radio has endpoint adjustments on it that you can adjust manually) Now - this is the part where it really helps to have a seasoned pilot helping you with your first flights, and getting you in the air - if you fly really light on the sticks, you woulnt have a problem. Banging the sticks around isn't how you fly a plane like the Tower 40 - or most others for that matter. You usually move the sticks very little to make it move aroun the sky, so if full back on your elevator stick moves your elevator more than recommended, it just means you need to realize that you need to not give it full up for low-rate type of flying.
Also a quarter inch deflection up and down on that plane should be fine on elevator for low rates in my opinion. If you don't have dual rates on your radio (I'm assuming you're onone of the Tower/Futaba basic 4 channel radios) - then you would be wise to dial in a little more throw than the low rate suggestion, and learn to use less stick - that way you have the ability to use the extra throw to get you out of situations where more control input is nescessary. (stalls, wind gusts on final, evasive maneuvers to avoid hitting other planes or stationary objects.)
Have a seasoned pilot fly the plane for the first time - he/she should quickly be able to tell you if the plane is going to be too "hot" to train you on.