Justin,
Here's the specs for your motor:
SPECS: Motor Diameter and Length: 28x29mm (1.1x1.14")
Stainless Steel Output Shaft Diameter and Length: 3x12mm
Weight: 42g (1.48oz)
Input Voltage: 7.2-12V DC
Magnet Wires Temp Rating: 160°C (320°F)
kV Rating: 1000 RPM/V
Max. Constant Current: 11A
Max. Surge Current: 15A
No Load Current: .65A
Internal Resistance: 235 milli-ohms
As you can see the "surge" current is 15A. So, with a 12 or 15 amp ESC you would not really burn up the motor. But, if you run it at the surge current for to long it will over heat and "Could" ruin the magnets in the motor. Some ESCs have a feedback circuit that tells the ESC you're exceeding the surge current for to long or that the motor (or ESC itself) is or can overheat.

Hope this helps.