RE: relationship of ground effect and wing chord
Jim,
Look to the picture, my most simple explanation.
Daniel Bernoulli (Dutchman), higher speed of air lower pressure.
The air underneath the wing is forced through a narrow space, so pressure will be lower near the TE of wing and stab.
Above the wing the air is divided over a greater space, so higher pressure.
The pressure difference will give you downwash (blue arrows), (Newton) is equivalent for lift.
The dihedral is important to get a stabile flight, this will give a better pressure distribution and less loses near the wingtip, third picture.
Cees