Unfortunately no. With no power there is no signal sent to the PC.

Dedicated USB controllers like the ESky 0905A or the Real Flight Interlink controllers draw their power directly from the USB port on the computer. You can buy the ESky 0905A from xheli.com or raidentech.com for $19.95 plus s&h. It's a good investment if you don't want to run your TX battery down while flying your simulator.