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Old 07-03-2003 | 06:58 AM
  #13  
HarryC
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Default Rudder

I have to say there is a lot of dangerous stuff being said in this thread about using rudder as the primary control to turn a plane. You do not turn a plane using rudder. It is a common misconception amongst model fliers who equate an aircraft rudder to a boat rudder. A plane is turned by inclining the wing lift to the side, by banking. That is what provides the lateral acceleration to make the plane travel in a circle. The fin keeps the plane pointing straight into its headwind and therefore provides the yawing part of the turn. The rudder is merely a trimming device for the fin to compensate for spiral airflow or design defects. The job of the fin, with assistance from the rudder, is to keep the plane straight into its headwind. If it is ever used to yaw the plane out of balance you get high drag, unwell passengers, and worst of all you have one of the 2 control conditions for a spin.

An aircraft flying with a side wind should be turned in the normal manner with ailerons slightly into the wind. Rudder is never held on when flying in a sidewind except in one instance. When the plane has to be pointing the same way as it is travelling while in a sidewind, i.e. on landing, you have 2 methods to choose from. One is to turn properly slightly into wind and approach with the aircraft pointing slightly off the direction it is travelling. This is by far the easiest way especially for model flying, and is the only way for gliders. You do have to give it a nudge of rudder to yaw out of balance just at touchdown otherwise the wheels are pointing off line. The other method is a sideslip where the plane is banked into wind but then opposite rudder is held on to prevent the plane yawing into the turn. This is more tricky in full size and far more tricky in models, and it does need to be held right to touchdown, landing on the lower, into wind wheel first.

I recommend that you get hold of a book called "Stick and rudder" which is widely regarded as the classic manual on handling an aircraft, it will open your eyes to how aircraft behave and how to fly them. The author looks forward to the day when aircraft are so well designed that they don't have a rudder (he wasn't thinking of aerobatics!)

Harry