The manufacturer of the motor should list a maximum current rating (Amps) and/or a maximum power rating (Watts).

For the ESC, the manufacturer should list the maximum voltage (Volts), although this is sometimes given in terms of the maximum number of cells (2 cells, 3 cells, 4 cells, etc.). And every ESC is also rated for a maximum current (15 Amps, 25 Amps, etc.).

You should never exceed the maximum ratings for either the motor or the ESC.

Batteries also have maximum ratings. If you try to draw too much current (Amps) from a battery, you can damage or destroy the battery.

In an ideal setup, all of the components are in a nice balance: the motor, ESC, and battery are all being operated within their maximum ratings.

- Jeff