Knowledge Quiz for Warbird wiz
My Feedback: (6)
Simon,
The three planes were in competition with one another to see which one would prove out as the most effective, It turned out it was a beauty contest and only one showed up in that category, the Vulcan.
Sparky
The three planes were in competition with one another to see which one would prove out as the most effective, It turned out it was a beauty contest and only one showed up in that category, the Vulcan.
Sparky
My Feedback: (6)
Today's clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
Today's clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
Al; are you talking about one of the "escort bombers" built during WWII, such as the YB-40? Thanks; Ernie P.
Answer: Boeing YB-40 Flying Fortress
The Boeing YB-40 Flying Fortress was a modification for operational testing purposes of the B-17 Flying Fortressbomber aircraft, converted to act as a heavily armed gunship for other bombers during World War II. At the time of its development, long-range fighter aircraft such as the North American P-51 Mustang were just entering quantity production, and thus were not yet available to accompany bombers all the way from England to Germany and back.
SummaryAltogether of the 59 aircraft dispatched, 48 sorties were credited. Five German fighter kills and two probables (likely kills) were claimed, and one YB-40 was lost, shot down on 22 June mission to Hόls, Germany. Tactics were revised on the final five missions by placing a pair of YB-40s in the lead element of the strike to protect the mission commander. The original design concept of the YB-40 never played out as intended in practice. Luftwaffe fighter chief Adolf Galland considered the gunship's handful of combat victories to be "insignificant" and not worth the cost of the aircraft. The increased weight from the additional machine guns and ammunition nearly cut the YB-40's climb rate in half from that of a B-17F, and in level flight it had difficulty keeping up with standard Flying Fortresses, especially after they had dropped their bombs. Despite the overall failure of the project as an operational aircraft, it led directly to the Bendix chin turret's fitment on the last 86 Douglas-built B-17F-75-DL production block aircraft, and were part of the standardized modifications conspicuous on the final production variant of the B-17, the B-17G: · Chin turret (first introduced on the last 86 Douglas-built "final production" blocks of the B-17F-DL aircraft)· Offset waist gun positions· Improved tail gunner station with much larger windows, usually nicknamed the "Cheyenne", after the Cheyenne modification center.Once the test program ended, most of the surviving aircraft returned to the U.S. in November 1943 and were used as trainers. 42-5736 ("Tampa Tornado") was flown to RAF Kimbolton on 2 October 1943 where it was put on display and later used as a group transport. It was returned to the United States on 28 March 1944. All of the aircraft were sent to reclamation, mostly at RFC Ontario in May 1945, being broken up and smelted. (A couple of the YB-40s can be seen in the 1946 movie The Best Years of Our Lives, in the famous scene shot at the Ontario "graveyard".) No airframes were sold on the civil market.
The prototype XB-40 was a Boeing B-17F modified by Lockheed Vega (Project V-139) by converting the second production B-17F-1-BO (s/n 41-24341). Role
Bomber escort Built by
Lockheed-Vega
First flight
September 1942
Introduction
29 May 1943
Retired
October 1943
Primary user
United States Army Air Forces Number built25
My Feedback: (6)
Today's clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
Maybe a little obscure, but: Assuming you are counting an ex-military plane converted to civil use, hw about the Carfair? Thanks; Ernie P.
The Aviation Traders ATL-98 Carvair was a large transport aircraft powered by four radial engines. It was a Douglas AircraftC-54-based air ferry developed by Freddie Laker's Aviation Traders (Engineering) Limited (ATL), with a capacity generally of 22 passengers in a rear cabin, and five cars loaded in at the front.
The Aviation Traders ATL-98 Carvair was a large transport aircraft powered by four radial engines. It was a Douglas AircraftC-54-based air ferry developed by Freddie Laker's Aviation Traders (Engineering) Limited (ATL), with a capacity generally of 22 passengers in a rear cabin, and five cars loaded in at the front.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
Today's clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
Answer: The Nakajima G5N The Nakajima G5N Shinzan (深山"Deep Mountain") was a four-engined long-range heavy bomber designed and built for the Imperial Japanese Navy prior to World War II. The Navy designation was "Experimental 13-Shi Attack Bomber"; the Allied code name was "Liz".
Design and development
The Nakajima G5N Shinzan originated due to the Imperial Japanese Navy's interest in developing a long-range attack bomber capable of carrying heavy loads of bombs or torpedoes a minimum distance of 3,000 nmi (5,600 km; 3,500 mi). To meet this requirement, it became apparent a four-engine lay-out would be necessary. As Japanese aircraft manufacturers lacked experience in building such large complex aircraft, the Navy was forced to search for a suitable existing foreign-made model upon which to base the new design. It settled on the American Douglas DC-4E airliner. In 1939 the sole prototype of this airliner (previously rejected by American airline companies) was purchased by Nippon Koku K.K. (Japan Airlines Co) and clandestinely handed over to the Nakajima Aircraft Company for dismantling and inspection. The design that emerged from this study was for an all-metal mid-wing monoplane with fabric-covered control surfaces and powered by four 1,870 hp Nakajima NK7A Mamori 11 air-cooled radial engines driving four-bladed propellers. Notable features included a long ventral bomb-bay, glazed nose and twin tailfins replacing the DC-4E's distinctive triple rudder. The DC-4E's retractable tricycle undercarriage was retained, as well as the original wing form and powerplant arrangement. Defensive armament comprised one 20mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon each in a power-operated dorsal and tail turret plus single-mount hand-operated 7.7mm Type 92 machine guns in the nose, ventral and waist positions. The first prototype G5N1 made its maiden flight on 14:35 8 April 1941.[1] Overall performance proved disappointingly poor however, due to a combination of excessive weight, the unreliability of the Mamori engines and the complexity of the design. Only three more prototypes were completed. In an attempt to salvage the project, two additional airframes were fitted with 1,530 hp Mitsubishi MK4B 12 "Kasei" engines and redesignated G5N2s. Although the Mitsubishi engines were more reliable than the original Mamori 11s, the aircraft was now even more hopelessly underpowered and further development of the type was halted.
Operational history
My Feedback: (6)
No right answers so far, but all this participation earns a hint, at least. So: One of the clues so far, though absolutely accurate, seems to have led everyone astray. Not that I ever intended any such thing.Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
No right answers so far, but all this participation earns a hint, at least. So: One of the clues so far, though absolutely accurate, seems to have led everyone astray. Not that I ever intended any such thing.Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
My Feedback: (6)
In a couple of days I'll post a clue I'm really fond of. Don't want to give it too early, because it may make the answer too obvious. But it involves a model airplane, and this is a modeling site, so .... Maybe Friday.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
No right answers so far, but all this participation earns a hint, at least. So: One of the clues so far, though absolutely accurate, seems to have led everyone astray. Not that I ever intended any such thing.Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
Answer: Junkers Ju90 The Junkers Ju 90 was a 40-seat, four-engine airliner developed for and used by Deutsche Luft Hansa shortly before World War II. It was based on the rejected Ju 89bomber. During the war, the Luftwaffe impressed them as military transports.
My Feedback: (6)
Today's clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
Last edited by Top_Gunn; 12-06-2018 at 05:45 AM.
My Feedback: (6)
And here's another clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
Senior Member
My Feedback: (3)
And here's another clue: Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
My Feedback: (6)
Possible giveaway clue tomorrow morning.
My Feedback: (6)
Today's clue. This one should help a lot.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
My Feedback: (6)
Keep thinking about Clue 9, which may give you an idea of what the airplane looked like. Today's clue is about sound. Tomorrow's, if we get that far, will be at least partly about smell.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
My Feedback: (6)
More about sound and a speculation about smell. This time it's the sound the airplane made, not the sound of the airplane's name.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
11. If one of these still existed, and if it should fly by at full throttle while you were standing on the ground, you might find its sound puzzling. And, once you'd figured that out, the smell of the exhaust might then seem odd to you.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
11. If one of these still existed, and if it should fly by at full throttle while you were standing on the ground, you might find its sound puzzling. And, once you'd figured that out, the smell of the exhaust might then seem odd to you.
My Feedback: (6)
Today's clue. But keep thinking about Clue 9, which I think should narrow the search to perhaps five or six airplanes (just the handful I know of; it could possibly be more).
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
11. If one of these still existed, and if it should fly by at full throttle while you were standing on the ground, you might find its sound puzzling. And, once you'd figured that out, the smell of the exhaust might then seem odd to you.
12. For some of its missions its crew numbered as high as 16.
Looking for the name of a warbird.
1. Never used in the role for which it was designed because the service it was designed for chose a less-expensive and perhaps better aircraft.
2. But a few were ordered for a different use.
3. Four engines.
4. Not many built: something in the neighborhood of 20. But it served for approximately ten years.
5. Armed with cannons and machine guns, and could carry bombs. Whether it ever did carry bombs I don't know.
6. A couple of them were shot down.
7. On some of its missions it sent deceptive radio messages intended to make some of those listening think it was a different type of airplane. The airplane it was impersonating was the one it had lost out to years before (see Clue 1).
8. It was never a civil airplane; all of them were scrapped when the one service that flew them came up with a replacement.
9. I have looked for information about kits or plans for models of this airplane. The only thing I've found for flying models is a mention of an old plan for a twin-engine control-line model.
10. Shares its name with someone who lived in the 16th century. The name was pretty clearly chosen because of its sound, not because of that person's very distant connection to aviation.
11. If one of these still existed, and if it should fly by at full throttle while you were standing on the ground, you might find its sound puzzling. And, once you'd figured that out, the smell of the exhaust might then seem odd to you.
12. For some of its missions its crew numbered as high as 16.
Damn, clue 11 has me thinking of the unlimited hydroplane U-787 Miss Dreamliner. It was fueled with a fuel made from peanuts or corn stalk waste so it did smell funny. Needless to say, I know that answer is not correct but I thought I'd mention it anyway