Originally Posted by
Rob2160
Example - (real numbers for a Robin 2160)
A typical light aerobatic plane such as a Robin 2160 has a flight g limit of + 6 and - 3 G.
The R2160 is my favourite light plane, I have many happy hours doing aerobatics or flying over to France in it. I have even more hours in the R2112A but the extra power of the 160 transforms it. The Robins are lovely to fly, it's such a pity that most PPLs have only flown Pipers or Cessnas and have never known what it is like to fly a plane with such control response or view from the cockpit. Many years ago I was asked if I would take a chap up for a flight for his 80th birthday, it turned out he had flown Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain, he was so keen to handle a plane again, he gave the stick a little stir and exclaimed how responsive it was.
I am not a fan of aileron differential, believing it to be a model pilots' myth! Full size don't bother with it, because they found out decades ago it doesn't work well enough. A great example is the Tiger Moth which has a clever bellcrank system so that the downgoing aileron only moves down a little bit and then comes back upwards towards neutral. Despite this the adverse yaw is so bad that Pilot magazine said the term adverse yaw could have been invented just for the Tiger Moth. Huge differential, yet huge adverse yaw, showing the differential makes no practical difference. Full size designers then learned more and realised that aileron differential isn't a cure and they pretty much gave upon it, but like many things it persists in model flying. Many times model fliers have shown me their "adverse yaw" making a roll look uneven and then proceed to cure it with differential. But it wasn't adverse yaw, it was an offset roll axis. The roll looked uneven, they had heard the term "adverse yaw" so they put the two ideas together and claimed it as adverse yaw when actually the model had no adverse yaw and they didn't actually know what adverse yaw looks like! Differential then cured the off-centre roll axis so they claimed it had cured adverse yaw, which it hadn't because it wasn't! But it had now cemented in their minds that differntial cured advesre yaw. They also claim that the tail low in a turn is adverse yaw despite the fact they are not holding on any aileron, and adverse yaw by definition can only happen while the aileron is applied, which just shows they didn't understand what adverse yaw is. I can't say that differntial hasn't cured your adverse yaw, maybe it has, but my experience of what model fliers say has made me very doubtful because so many don't know what adverse yaw really is or looks like! Like the vast number of model fliers that say you hold in constant rudder towards the wind when coming in to land in a side-wind, far too many model fliers have not had the benefit of proper pilot trainin and have just learned bad myths and misconceptions from other similarly untrained model fliers. That video on youtube is a great example, someone who hasn't a clue is teaching innocent beginners everything wrong, indeed downright dangerous.
If I get a model with adverse yaw, and the lovely little Parkzone Albatross is a good example of it, I always program an aileron to rudder mix and adjust that until i can waggle the wings and the plane goes straight instead of wallowing.
The rudder is a very powerful control and it is easy to use far too much when trying to make small adjustments for slip/skid etc and you then over-control and change a slip onto a skid instead of getting it straight. In full size power planes the rudder control is very heavy and demands a lot of push, and that it makes it easy to control just small amounts of travel. So on my models I set a huge amount of expo on the rudder so that it is easy to control a small amount of travel and not over-control.